Advancing Healthcare with GPGPU and Energy Efficient NoC Architectures: A Comprehensive Survey

General-purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPU) have emerged as a transformative technology in healthcare and medical fields, harnessing their powerful parallel processing capabilities to handle complex computational challenges. Initially developed for graphics rendering, GPUs are now employed in high-performance tasks such as medical imaging, genomic analysis, drug discovery, and real-time patient monitoring, where vast data volumes and intensive computations are prevalent. GPGPU technology enhances processing efficiency, reduces latency, and supports faster, more accurate diagnostics and treatment planning. Complementing this advancement, Networks-On-Chip (NoC) designs, introduced in the early 2000s, have become a standard communication backbone for high-end CPUs and Systems-on-Chip (SoCs). Their low communication latency, high throughput, and energy efficiency make NoCs ideal for addressing the growing demands of GPU-based systems. However, achieving these performance objectives requires minimizing power dissipation, energy consumption, and costs. This research provides a comprehensive survey of NoC design models for multi-GPU systems, focusing on their role in energy-efficient and scalable architectures. It also highlights the impact of GPGPU in revolutionizing healthcare by meeting modern medical applications' computational and efficiency requirements.