Modeling and Performance Investigation of Perovskite/MoTe2 Solar Cell Exceeding 44% Efficiency: A SCAPS-ID Simulation

In the photovoltaic (PV) industry, perovskite-based solar cells have garnered a plethora of interest lately as prospective options. However, the predominant use of lead (Pb) in perovskite materials raises toxicity concerns, limiting their potential for commercial applications. This work involves the numerical simulation of a double absorber solar cell (DASC) construction with multilayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) serving as the bottom absorber and lead-free perovskite materials serving as the top absorber. The Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator-1 Dimension (SCAPS-1D) program is employed to assess the configuration's performance utilizing the AM 1.5G solar spectrum. Here, current matching is accomplished within the architecture through modifying the absorber layers thicknesses having diverse bandgap values. This research investigates the implications of the number of defects and thickness of absorber on the overall effectiveness of the device in further detail. The modeling findings indicate that. $0.7 \ \mu\mathrm{m}$ is the ideal thickness for the MoTe2 absorber layer. Moreover, the analysis indicates that the defect density shouldn't above 1E13 cm-3 to maintain optimal performance. According to the optimized simulation, the proposed device attains a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 44.49%, with an open-circuit voltage $(\mathrm{V}_{\text{oc}})$ of 1.2930 V, a short-circuit current density $(\mathrm{J}_{\text{sc}})$ of 39.37 mA/cm², and a fill factor (FF) of 87.40%.