360-Degree Coverage Utilizing a Horizontally Polarized 10-port Circular Vivaldi MIMO Antenna for Advanced Connectivity Solutions

This paper presented a horizontally polarized 10-port circular Vivaldi Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna designed for 360-degree coverage in advanced connectivity systems. The antenna was constructed on a Teflon substrate and used a 50 Ω microstrip bending feed technique for maximum performance and effective energy distribution. Its omnidirectional radiation was made possible by its circular MIMO architecture, which guaranteed total azimuthal coverage. Corrugations and strategically positioned gaps between the antenna segments were incorporated into the design to enhance spatial multiplexing capabilities and boost isolation. In the 20 GHz to 40 GHz frequency band, the experimental results demonstrated good port separation and high performance with an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of 0.0003, a peak gain of 11 dB, and isolation below −25 dB. The diversity gain (DG) was 9.998 dB while the channel capacity loss (CCL) was below 0.4 bits/s/Hz. Strong performance was indicated by the total active reflection coefficient (TARC), which stayed below −10 dB. Mean effective gain (MEG) and MEG ratio, both of which were within acceptable bounds, showed that mutual coupling was minimized.