Event-Based Probability-Guaranteed Set-Membership Secure Fusion Estimation for Energy-Constrained Multi-Sensor Systems With Asynchronous Samplings

This paper addresses the problem of designing probability-guaranteed set-membership secure estimation algorithms for energy-constrained multi-sensor systems with multi-rate asynchronous samplings. An event-triggered strategy (ETS) is employed to minimize data transmission overhead while maintaining estimation accuracy by transmitting only essential data. A novel measurement model is proposed to accurately characterize the operation of the multi-sensor system under ETS, taking into account both high- and low-energy transmission (HLET) modes and random denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, which impact communication energy consumption and data security. To cope with the challenges posed by uncertain sampling periods, a new fusion estimation model is established, including a redefined fusion estimation weight matrix and the formulation of a probability-guaranteed set-membership secure fusion estimation algorithm. Furthermore, a recursive optimization algorithm based on linear matrix inequalities is utilized to determine the minimum ellipsoid of the design parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated through simulation studies. Note to Practitioners—This paper is dedicated to addressing the state estimation problem in practical applications such as autonomous systems, smart grids, and industrial automation. In these fields, ensuring that the true state remains bounded within a certain probability is crucial, especially in applications such as weapon firing tests and drone flights. To meet this need, probability-guaranteed set-membership filtering is introduced, which not only provides state estimation intervals but also ensures that these intervals contain the true state with a certain probability. However, in practical systems, sensor sampling rates are typically asynchronous, which increases the complexity of the design algorithm. Moreover, wireless networks often face bandwidth limitations, and different communication protocols have varying energy consumption, which affect the security and reliability of data transmission. When subjected to cyber-attacks, these varying energy consumption protocols can introduce different security risks, further complicating system performance. Therefore, this paper introduces an ETS to reduce communication load, while designing a fusion estimation algorithm that accounts for both HLET modes and DoS attacks on communication channels. Preliminary simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm. Considering the potential complexities such as hybrid attacks, incomplete measurements, and time-delays in real-world systems, future research will focus on improving the interference resilience and robustness of the fusion estimation system, ensuring efficient and accurate state estimation even under harsh conditions.