Dual-Layer Fuzzy Mapping-Based Dynamic Power Allocation Strategy for Electric-Hydrogen Hybrid Energy Storage System

Integrating a hydrogen energy storage system into the traditional lead-acid battery-supercapacitor energy storage architecture can significantly enhance the energy density and facilitate long-term electricity storage. The main challenge of dynamic power allocation for an electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system (EHESS) lies in considering the different characteristics of multiple energy storage devices within a short control period. To address this issue, this article proposes a dynamic power allocation strategy based on a dual-layer fuzzy mapping mechanism for EHESS. The state of charge (SOC) and state of hydrogen storage (SOHS) are mapped to a uniform EHESS state, considering the lifespan and safety of lead-acid battery and hydrogen storage. Subsequently, the SOHS is dynamically adjusted based on energy conversion efficiency. Finally, adaptive droop coefficients are designed based on the mapped EHESS states to achieve safe power distribution with high energy conversion efficiency. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using an actual EHESS hardware experimental setup.