Analysis of LEO Enhanced GNSS Positioning Performance

Current research on low-cost receiver positioning mainly focuses on conventional GNSS observation data. The pseudorange noise is large, and the positioning accuracy is limited. Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites have high signal power at ground level and diverse spatial geometric configurations. They have become a research hotspot for improving GNSS coverage and continuous availability. To meet the demand for higher positioning accuracy, the study uses GNSS observation data collected from smartphones and LEO satellite observation data calculated from Keplerian orbital elements. It verifies the enhancement of GPS/BDS satellite positioning by LEO satellites and compares the Single Point Positioning (SPP) accuracy before and after enhancement. The experimental data prove that with LEO augmentation, the number of visible satellites for smartphone systems increases by an average of 4.880 compared to the GPS/BDS system. The Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) decreases by an average of 0.330. The horizontal and vertical positioning accuracies improve to 3.624m and 1.515m, respectively.