Challenges and Recommendations for Improving Logistic Skills Through Simulation-Based Learning Technology

Simulation-based learning is one of the most powerful tools to support the educational process. This learning offers an opportunity to learn based on experiences that are very similar to real-world environments. In the context of logistics, which can be considered a complex system, significant efforts are required to enhance students' understanding and practical skills. For that reason, simulations are used so that benefits such as skills and knowledge in the field of logistics can be achieved. However, there are currently several challenges in developing simulation-based learning in higher education. These challenges include the need for simulations that are appropriate for the current learning context, where the students are generally from Generation Z, and how to improve their learning quality in the era of Industry 4.0. To address these challenges, more suitable simulations need to be developed, and higher education institutions must carefully examine how to develop them, including identifying the essential components in the development of simulations for logistics learning. In this research, a systematic literature review using the PRISMA method and also creating a conceptual model of simulation that better meets the current needs of logistics education will be proposed. The results of this research can be used as a basis for developing updated simulations to better prepare students for the challenges of Industry 4.0.