A Surge Protector Monitoring Approach in an Electrical Distribution System

The issues of surges and other electrical problems impacting electrical equipment have been ravaging Nigeria’s power sector for decades. The introduction of smart monitoring systems into the existing network would not only improve its performance and efficiency but also help safeguard and prevent damage to these essential electrical devices. This paper proposes a solution to the problem of surges by introducing a monitoring system for distribution line surge protective devices (SPDs), with the objective of developing an emergent modular IoT-based monitoring system that is deployable. This solution is attained through the use of automation and IoT strategies that enable remote observation and management. The system employs a microcontroller, voltage sensor, current sensor, relays, temperature sensor, and a Wi-Fi module to route the parameters deciphered from the surge protector to the Firebase database, which can be accessed via a developed web-based application. The results show a significant improvement in the reliability of the SPD, with an 85% reduction in failure incidents and a 90% increase in response time to surge events. Additionally, the system recorded a 95% accuracy in parameter monitoring and a user satisfaction rate of 92% based on ease of access and real-time data availability. This system provides a substantial enhancement in the reliability and management of surge protective devices.