Mitigating Voltage Rise on Low-Voltage Distribution Networks with High Solar Photovoltaic Penetration: A Review

The integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems into distribution networks poses challenges related to voltage rise, a critical concern for network stability and equipment performance. This research investigates the techniques for mitigating the voltage rise on distribution networks with high PV penetration. However, the intermittent nature of PV systems and their increasing penetration into distribution networks necessitate innovative control strategies to address voltage rise. Three primary mitigation methods are explored: Energy Storage Systems (ESSs), active power curtailment, and reactive power control. ESSs store surplus energy during periods of high PV generation and release it during peak load demand, contributing to voltage stability. Active power curtailment reduces PV generation during high sun irradiance and low power demand periods. Reactive power control manages voltage by adjusting the injection of reactive power into the network. Various research studies and proposed techniques are reviewed to evaluate their effectiveness in mitigating voltage rise. The advantages and limitations of each approach are compared, considering factors such as network losses, equipment stress, and system reliability. The review emphasizes the significance of reactive power control techniques in mitigating voltage rise during high PV penetration in distribution networks. The paper highlights the need for advanced control strategies to manage voltage rise effectively and maintain network stability in the presence of PV systems. It presents a comparison of techniques, enabling decision-makers and researchers to select appropriate methods based on their specific network requirements and operational goals. The findings underscore the importance of reactive power control techniques in addressing voltage rise challenges.