Advancement in LED Technology: Semiconductor Fabrication, Optimal Driver Selection, and Novel Intensity Control Strategies Incorporating Darlington Pair

This overview aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the manufacturing, design, and selection of LED drivers, highlighting the significance of LEDs in lighting technology. Compared to traditional light sources like incandescent, fluorescent, and optical fibers, LEDs excel in efficiency, versatility, durability, and color variety. However, their complex manufacturing and design process requires a deep understanding of components, semiconductor physics, and general sciences. This overview delves into the various stages of LED production, key parameters, and components involved in designing LEDs. Additionally, it explores LED drivers, a crucial part of LED systems, including their types based on operating modes and selection parameters for specific applications. The outcome of this overview is to equip beginners with a thorough understanding of LEDs, their manufacturing, design, and driver selection, complemented by an in-depth analysis of intensity regulation using Darlington pairs, including experimental, simulated, and theoretical perspectives.