Hybrid Optimization of MAC Features to Address Hidden Node Problems in 802.11ah Networks

IEEE 802.11ah is an ideal technology for enabling connectivity for Internet of Things (loT) devices operating at 900 MHz. This protocol offers advantages such as excellent scalability, low power consumption, and long-range communication up to 1 kilometer. However, these benefits come with notable challenges in large-scale networks, primarily interference and contention. One common issue in IEEE 802.11 networks is the hidden node problem, where nodes interfere with each other outside the channel sensing. The range of the server can significantly increase collision and energy consumption. This paper quantifies the maximum transmission range of the node utilizing a rate control algorithm, wherein the mobile node transmits traffic away from the access point, subsequently forming the framework for a hidden node scenario via comprehensive NS-3 simulations. A series of configuration steps and trials were conducted to assess the specific performance of the system under various scenarios and parameters. These scenarios were designed to replicate dense traffic intervals and contention in network environments. In this study, we propose Hybrid Optimization of Medium Access Control (MAC) Feature to solve the inherent hidden node problems with random grouping. The proposed scheme results in marked improvements compared to default scheme, reducing the packet loss ratio and collision by 64% and 89%, respectively.