Optimized Sequence Control of a Fuse-Semiconductor Hybrid Circuit Breaker through Real-Time Fuse State Estimation

Hybrid DC circuit breakers have become a critical choice for ensuring safety in modern DC transmission and distribution systems. In this paper, we validate a current path control strategy in the fuse-semiconductor hybrid circuit breaker. This strategy utilizes an RC circuit model to describe the arcing current of the fuse and applies the Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm to minimize the difference between the modeled current and the observed current data in real-time. By presenting the fuse’s current-limiting state in real-time, this method effectively prevents re-arcing and potential fuse explosions. Our approach addresses the limitations of the predetermined current threshold method, enabling a more accurate current model in complex situations. The proposed strategy was experimentally validated under extreme conditions of 1.7 kV and 10 kA fault currents, demonstrating its robustness and reliability.