Day-ahead collaborative regulation method for 5G base stations and power grids considering a sleep strategy and energy storage regulation capacity

Optimizing energy consumption and aggregating energy storage capacity can alleviate 5G base station (BS) operation cost, ensure power supply reliability, and provide flexible regulation potential for a power grid. However, current studies have not sufficiently considered the collaboration capabilities between a BS sleep strategy for time-varying communication loads and BS energy storage to ensure power supply reliability. Consequently, the existing designs could result in insufficient utilization of the flexibility of BSs in interacting with the power grid, thus limiting the reduction of BS operation cost and the peak shaving and valley filling levels of the power grid. To solve this crucial issue, a day-ahead collaborative regulation method for 5G BSs and power grids considering a sleep strategy and energy storage regulation capacity is proposed. First, considering BS communication load characteristics, a multi-BS cooperative sleep strategy is proposed to reduce BS energy consumption. Then, a quantitative model of the BS energy storage regulation capacity is established in accordance with the BS power consumption after execution of the sleep strategy and the minimum energy storage backup time. This model provides aggregated regulation resources and feasible region boundaries for BS energy storage to participate in power grid operation while ensuring a reliable BS power supply. Furthermore, to minimize BS operation cost and grid load curve variance, a model of BS participation in day-ahead collaborative regulation of the power grid is constructed, and BS energy storage provided by the quantitative model is utilized to achieve mutual benefit between BS operators and power grid. Simulations are conducted to verify this proposed method.