Agricultural Innovations using IOT – A Comprehensive Review

The Internet of Things (IoT) in agriculture has the potential to transform daily life for humanity and the planet. Today, we face complex challenges in food production due to extreme weather, deteriorating soil, and collapsing ecosystems that play a crucial role in agriculture. Smart farming leverages remote technology and sensors to monitor and manage agricultural activities. Sensors continuously gather real-time data from the field and transmit it to remote locations. This approach enables precise irrigation management through sensor networks and environmental modeling in greenhouses, nurseries, and even stormwater management on green roofs. This paper explores the capabilities of remote sensors and IoT in agriculture, while addressing the challenges of integrating these technologies with traditional farming practices. With the support of web technologies, agricultural processes can be monitored through sensors, smart cameras, mobile apps, and miniature devices. IoT-based automation provides farmers with tools to optimize resource use and solve agricultural problems, from determining the right time to plant crops to harvesting. Finally, we examine current and future IoT trends in agriculture, along with potential research challenges ahead.