Evaluation of Human Error Factors in Cockpit During Approach and Landing Phases Based on Fuzzy Numbers and Evidence Reasoning

Human factors are the leading cause of modern aviation accidents, particularly during the high-risk approach and landing phases. This study introduces an innovative evaluation system to quantify human error factors within the cockpit, emphasizing their impact on aviation safety. Drawing from a comprehensive review of relevant literature, standards, and expert opinions, we categorize the influencing factors into pilot, human-machine interface, and environmental aspects. The system utilizes intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy numbers and evidence reasoning to objectively weigh these factors. The evaluation results help reduce human error probability and offer valuable insights for improving aviation safety.