Application of passive wireless communication technology in online monitoring scenario of sulfur hexafluoride micro-water and density in hydropower station

Water content and gas density of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) in gas insulated switchgear (GIS) are key parameters affecting the safe operation of a power station. Traditional monitoring methods usually rely on active sensors, which require regular battery replacement and are limited by monitoring distances, making it difficult to meet the needs of long-term, high-reliability monitoring. In this paper, a novel sensor based on passive wireless communication technology was proposed for online monitoring of SF6 micro water content and density. Powered by microwave energy emitted by a dedicated communication gateway, the sensor does not need to rely on battery power, enabling remote measurements over a distance of more than 20 meters. The passive wireless sensor solution proposed in this paper not only reduced the cost of equipment operation and maintenance, but also improved the real-time performance and reliability of SF6 gas monitoring in hydropower station, and has a wide application prospect. The application of this technology will provide a more effective guarantee for the operation safety of hydropower stations, and promote the further development of passive wireless communication technology in the field of industrial monitoring.