Towards Low-Carbon Power Grid: Integrating Electric Vehicles for Multi-Service Provisions

In recent years, the power system has witnessed an increased integration of electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy sources (RESs), which helps address the climate crisis and accelerate decarbonisation. However, the intermittent nature of RESs poses new stability and security challenges to the power system, such as voltage fluctuations and harmonics. To mitigate these challenges, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) has gradually become a key technology for demand-side management due to EVs’ ability to provide ancillary services. As a result, assessing the potential impact of EV integration on multi-service provisions and its impact on carbon reduction and trading becomes crucial to the system operation and market trading. This paper addresses a multi-period carbon and electricity co-optimization problem to minimise electricity generation, carbon emission and battery degradation costs. A case study is conducted based on the IEEE 15-bus network to assess the impact of EVs on providing carbon-related service, voltage management and power balancing. The co-optimisation problem is solved through a centralised control strategy over 24 hours with data resolution set at 60 minutes.