Challenges on Security and Privacy in IMT-2030 (6G) Networks

International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT)-2030, also known as 6G, is revolutionizing mobile communication by enhancing ultra-fast data transmission, wideband connectivity, high-speed connectivity, improved spectrum efficiency, better energy efficiency, and broader bandwidth. From a security and privacy perspective, this development requires a reassessment of the existing traditional security methods. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the security and privacy challenges in IMT-2030 (6G) networks, starting with a comparison of peak data rates, user data rates, and connection density of IMT-2030 with its predecessors. This paper explores how 6G networks must integrate advanced security strategies, including network redundancy, recovery planning, and robust encryption protocols, to protect against cyber threats. We employ a qualitative analysis approach to examine the security architecture of 6G networks and explore new technologies such as artificial intelligence and quantum cryptography to enhance 6G security. Additionally, this paper reviews specific security considerations for various 6G applications. This paper consolidates its findings to provide deep insights into the security and privacy landscape of the 6G networks and offers recommendations for implementing efficient security measures across different layers of 6G architecture, while proposing future research directions in this rapidly evolving field.