Assessing the Integration of Solar Power Generation within the CASA-1000 HVDC Transnational Network

Transnationally linked renewable power generation systems contribute significantly to reducing global warming and decarbonizing the energy sector. High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission lines are preferred over High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) systems due to their lower power losses. Solar power generation, in particular, is becoming increasingly popular due to its direct current (DC) nature, which makes it more economical for long-distance transmission via HVDC lines. Central Asian nations, especially Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, have substantial potential for hydro and solar power generation. Utilizing an HVDC network to minimize line losses, these renewable energy resources can be exported to South Asian countries like Afghanistan and Pakistan, which are currently facing multiple energy crises. This research primarily focuses on estimating solar power generation potential in Central Asian countries where the HVDC converter stations of the CASA-1000 project are available. As the electricity demand in these Central Asian countries rises in the future, the power generated from the proposed solar power plants will be transmitted through the HVDC network. Currently, excess power generated by hydro power plants in these countries during the summer can be complemented by solar power plants in the winter, ensuring a consistent power supply. The proposed design includes three solar power plants: a 650 MWp DC plant in Khujand, a 240 MWp DC plant in Sangtuda, Republic of Tajikistan, and a 632.5 MWp DC plant in Datka, Kyrgyzstan. These plants will help maintain electricity continuity throughout the winter and beyond, as the demand for electricity in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan increases. With performance ratios exceeding 87%, as determined by PVSyst software, and efficient transmission via the CASA-1000 HVDC network, this design is both cost-effective and environmentally friendly, providing clean and green electricity to South Asian nations. Integrating photovoltaic-based power plants into the existing plan will ensure year-round power continuity.