Damping orifice design of a civil aircraft's tail bumper

The damping orifice design and dynamic characteristics of a specific aircraft's tail bumper was studied. The systematic design method combining engineering estimation, theoretical analysis, co-simulation was proposed. To determine the build standard of damping orifice, firstly derived a damping dynamic equation of full-oil buffer, which help to set oil hole parameters, and build an equivalent model of tail bumper buffer drop dynamics, then conducted shock absorption simulation. This analysis yielded the dynamic characteristics against the stroke and time, validating the model and suitable oil hole design. Subsequently, a sleeve-type oil hole with equal diameter but variable distance was creatively designed. The design and analysis methods presented in the paper can serve as a reference for the development and design of future tail bumper buffers, contributing to the control of risks during minimum ground speed flight tests.