Optimal Scheduling and Commercial Testbed-Based Verification of Integrated PV-ESS Systems Considering Settlement Rules in South Korea

This article proposes an optimal scheduling algorithm for an integrated PV-ESS system to maximize the overall revenue from both system marginal price (SMP) and renewable energy certificate (REC), considering detailed settlement rules in South Korea. Furthermore, to prevent revenue losses caused by forecasting errors, robust optimization (RO) and receding horizon rescheduling (RHR) approaches, are exploited. The academic contributions of this work are: 1) the formulation of complex settlement rules as an optimization problem, and 2) the implementation of a mixed integer linear programming (MILP)-based RO that can be solved by non-commercial solvers. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, simulations and experiments were conducted using a commercial testbed. Compared to the rule-based algorithm which had been adopted in the testbed, the proposed algorithm achieved a 9.3% increase in revenue.