Research on Intelligent Agricultural Environment Monitoring System Based on LoRa and NB-IoT Technology

Given the pervasive application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, current agricultural production environment monitoring often relies on wired communication or traditional wireless methods like WiFi, Bluetooth, and ZigBee, which are fraught with complications such as complex wiring, limited range, and stability issues. This paper presents the construction of a wireless sensor network leveraging LoRa and NB-IoT technologies. The STM32F103RET6 microcontroller serves as the central processing unit, facilitating the deployment of multiple sensors throughout the agricultural production environment, enabling the collection of diverse environmental parameters, and facilitating their transmission to an IoT cloud platform via the newly established wireless network. The system aims to achieve visual management of the agricultural production environment and to control the environment both manually and automatically, thereby providing optimal conditions for crop growth. The test results demonstrate that the system’s network stability is robust, and both the data transmission reliability and data acquisition accuracy align with the established design specifications.