Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: challenges, opportunities and future prospects

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly transformed numerous sectors, including healthcare, justice, and commerce, providing substantial benefits while also raising complex ethical questions: this article explores the main ethical challenges associated with AI, focusing on issues such as algorithmic bias, data privacy and security, transparency, and accountability. The importance of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in enhancing the interpretability of algorithmic decisions is emphasized, particularly in healthcare, where model opacity can have a direct impact on patient outcomes. The paper further examines regulatory frameworks and ethical guidelines, including the European Union’s AI Act, advocating for a multidisciplinary approach that combines innovation and accountability to develop AI systems that respect human rights and foster user trust. In conclusion, the article underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and adaptable regulations to ensure the ethical development of AI, promoting fairness and transparency.