Simulation and Experimental Study on Frequency Noise of Fabry-Pérot Cavity-Stabilized Laser for Space-Borne Gravitational Wave Detection

In response to the specific requirements of space-borne gravitational wave detectors (SGWD) for laser frequency stability, this work systematically analyzes and investigates the frequency noise of Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity-based ultra-stable lasers (USL). Aiming at the detection frequency band of SGWD (0.1 mHz $\sim$ 1Hz), a refined laser frequency noise model of USL is proposed. Based on the model, corresponding simulations and experiments yield an approach to identify the primary noise sources within segmented frequency bands, revealing the overlooked role of temperature fluctuations on cavity noise, and emphasizing the importance of the control loop. The proposed model will provide valuable guidance for improving laser frequency stability in space gravitational wave detectors.