Innovative Charging Solutions for Li-Ion Batteries in UPS Systems: A Microcontroller-Based Design

Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) batteries are commonly utilized in Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems despite their bulky nature and high maintenance costs. These batteries typically require replacement every one to two years, especially with frequent use, making them a less sustainable option. Conversely, Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) batteries have emerged as a more practical and cost-efficient alternative, significantly lowering the total cost of ownership. However, a major challenge in developing a UPS system with Li-Ion batteries lies in managing the operating voltage range of a single cell, which spans from 4.2V to 3V. This project aims to design and implement a microcontroller-based system to ensure the safe charging of Li-Ion batteries while also supporting pass-through charging. The proposed design involves the integration of a Li-Ion charging module for secure charging processes, a combination of diodes and semiconductors to facilitate pass-through charging, and an Arduino microcontroller board to monitor and display relevant information, enhancing user-friendliness with clear indications.