Benchmarking of Existing and New Technologies in Hydrogen Value Chain and Related Business Models

The paper provides an analysis on the hydrogen landscape aiming to identify the gaps and what needs be done to reach the different hydrogen targets by 2030. After an overview of the EU targets, the discussion focuses on the validation of the existing and new technologies in the hydrogen value chain and business models that are adopted in large-size projects. This will be done considering one of the largest hydrogen facilities in Europe, Holland Hydrogen I and several other hydrogen initiatives in Europe. The objective of this analysis is to critically assess these initiatives, considering from small-size projects to large-size projects, with a view to identifying opportunities for enhancement and innovation, and to understand whether it is realistic or not to meet these targets with the current available technologies and regional policy and legislation.