Low-Cost Sensor-Based Mobile System for Real-Time Tire Wear Emission Monitoring

With the upcoming introduction of the EURO 7 standard, non-exhaust particulate emissions, particularly those caused by tire and brake wear, will be regulated for the first time. These emissions present a growing challenge as they significantly contribute to particulate matter pollution (PM10 and PM2.5), impacting both the environment and human health. These emissions are especially significant in electrically powered vehicles, which produce no exhaust emissions, bringing them into greater focus. This paper presents the development of a cost-effective, mobile measurement system for real-time monitoring of tire road wear particles. The system is based on a modular design and uses simulations to optimize sensor positioning and airflow. By utilizing 3D printing technology, design iterations were efficiently carried out, resulting in an adaptable system that can be mounted behind a vehicle's front wheel. Initial tests on the dynamometer demonstrate that the system provides reliable measurement data, which correlates with stationary measurements. The results of this research provide a foundation for future developments and adjustments, which could be significant both in industrial applications and in environmental monitoring. The presented measurement system thus plays a crucial role in closing an important gap in the detection of traffic emissions real time and supports the implementation of upcoming regulations and emission factors guidelines.