An Overview of Monitoring Systems, Methods, and Technologies for Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources

With the global demand for sustainable energy solutions rising, hybrid renewable energy sources (HRES) are gaining popularity due to their reliability and cost-effectiveness. Effective monitoring systems using sensors and data analytics are essential for optimizing the performance of these systems, ensuring energy efficiency, and predicting maintenance needs. Various monitoring technologies, including SCADA, IoT-based platforms, and cloud storage systems, have been analyzed for their suitability in real-time data acquisition and control of energy systems. The paper examines the critical role of sensor, information, and communication technologies in managing hybrid renewable energy systems (RES), and also reviews several case studies and implementations of energy monitoring systems, emphasizing the importance of integrating these technologies to improve the operational efficiency of HRES.