L4S in Private 5G Industrial Networks: A Case Study for Real-Time Video Transmission in Programmable Networks

Industry 4.0 integrates advanced technologies like the Industrial Internet of Things and AI-driven automation, with private 5G networks playing a crucial role by providing high-speed, low-latency connectivity for industrial applications. These networks support real-time video transmission, which is vital for use cases requiring immediate responses. However, network congestion can still impact performance. The Low Latency, Low Loss, and Scalable Throughput (L4S) architecture helps mitigate these issues through scalable congestion control and optimized resource allocation. This paper proposes a software-based private 5G testbed to assess L4S’s impact on video transmission quality. The results show that L4S significantly reduces packet loss (up to tenfold in some scenarios) and improves video quality by up to 3.16x, even under heavy background traffic.