Ship Performance Analysis of Automatic Avoidance in Oceangoing

Various algorithms and risk assessments to prevent ship collision caused by human error and the operation of autonomous vessels have been researched. Most of the algorithms in previous studies are methods of avoiding risk areas in proximity in the presence of multiple vessels and obstacles. In this study, we aim to build a support system for large vessels navigating in the ocean to avoid a target ship within a sufficient distance from that ship economically while maintaining a designated safe distance. To evaluate the optimal distance, the propeller fluid force was estimated with the maneuvering motion models of the three types: a bulk carrier, container ship, and crude oil carrier by searching a route using A-star algorithm. Due to simulations, when a target ship approached 17 knots and was in a head-on position, the optimal distance is 18 nautical miles (NM) for the bulk carrier and 16 and 18 NM or longer for the other two ships, depending on the limit of detection by a RADAR.