Research on VPP Transaction Risk Assessment Based on Game Theory and Cloud Mode

Against the backdrop of the “dual carbon” goals, the country is undergoing a low-carbon transition, with a large amount of clean energy being integrated into the power grid, leading to diversified and decentralized energy transactions. Virtual power plants (VPPs) aggregate and coordinate resources such as distributed generation, controllable loads, and energy storage to optimize energy utilization and enhance energy efficiency. However, VPPs face potential risks and uncertainties in market transactions. This paper uses text mining technology to extract preliminary risk factors through word frequency analysis and combines Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to determine key risk indicators, forming a VPP transaction risk assessment index system. Based on game theory and the two-dimensional cloud model, a VPP transaction risk assessment model is constructed to comprehensively evaluate VPP transaction risks from the dimensions of risk occurrence probability and risk consequences. The model's effectiveness is verified through case analysis and comparative analysis, assessing the overall risk level of VPP participation in market transactions and formulating corresponding control measures to ensure the feasibility and reliability of VPP transactions.