A Lightweight Load Shedding Control System: Categorized Load Distribution and Management Based on Frequency

The limitations of the antiquated power infrastructure combined with the rise of renewable energy call for a paradigm change in grid management. With the use of information and communication technologies (ICT), smart grids (SGs) can integrate distributed generation and self-heal to provide dynamic solutions. Microgrids (MGs) stand out as important players in this changing environment because they offer reliable, localized power solutions. To guarantee MG stability and reduce load-shedding it is important to optimize the voltage and frequency of the system. However, effective load management is required due to varying demand and resource constraints. The vital role that frequency relays play in this endeavor is examined in this paper. Frequency relays allow the intelligent use of classifying electrical loads into essential loads and non-essential loads based on frequency thresholds. This allows the prioritization of essential loads and the reduction of disruptions during periods of peak demand or resource constraints with lightweight infrastructure. In this research paper, the aim is to establish an isolated MG system that adjusts the categorized load concerning changes in frequency. As frequency changes based on the demand for fixed generation, this approach ensures a stable and uninterrupted power supply to all users and a proposed system for efficient use of excess power demand. To show how frequency relay-controlled load prioritization affects important performance metrics, such as cost, efficiency, and reliability, eventually resulting in less shedding and improved MG stability, practical consideration has been applied to this experiment.