A Novel Secure Communication Scheme for Bluetooth Low Energy Devices

This work presents a new approach to implementing a secure communication model for devices operating based on the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol. The proposed model encompasses mechanisms that ensure authenticity, confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation. It is implemented at the application layer to maintain the structure of the BLE protocol stack and ensure implementation by any BLE device. This proposal protects communication between BLE devices from passive or active eavesdropping attacks, impersonation attacks, and replay attacks. The effectiveness of the proposed model was demonstrated through communication between ESP32 microcontrollers working as central and a peripherical device using the BLE protocol. The BLE Ubertooth One sniffer tool was used during peer communication to capture the message exchange and demonstrate the scheme implementation.