Effect of Ongrid EV Charging and Discharging on Frequency Profile on an Islanded AC Microgrid

This research article effectively addresses the modeling of an electric car, as well as its integration and effects across a microgrid topology based on renewable energy. The electric vehicle's frequent charging and discharging causes a fluctuation in the frequency of the grid. A variety of variables, such as load dynamics, wind fluctuation in wind plants, variations in solar intensity in photovoltaic plants, etc., can have a significant impact on the performance, particularly frequency, of an islanded AC microgrid. The goal of this research project is to control the system's net power generation in response to overall demand in order to maintain standard frequency. This work designed a fractional order fuzzy PID control mechanism in many dynamic scenarios to monitor net generation. The suggested FO-Fuzzy PID control strategy is the best bet for addressing system frequency stability in the disturbances mentioned above. Under various circumstances, a novel Frank-Wolf Optimization Algorithm (FWOA) is suggested by the ideally calibrated controller gains. When it comes to microgrid system frequency regulation, the best FO-Fuzzy PID controller performs better than both ordinary fuzzy controllers and PID controllers. The findings indicate that the proposed FO- Fuzzy PID control method has the potential to decrease the settling time of ΔF (microgrid frequency) by 250.82% and 98.60%, respectively, in comparison to fuzzy controllers and PID controllers. To further support its superiority, the suggested FWOA's dynamic optimal performance is contrasted with that of the original SCA and PSO approaches.