Constructing a Medical Domain Functional Knowledge Graph with Large Language Models

The integration of medicine and artificial intelligence is creating novel opportunities to gather, analyze, and generate groundbreaking medical insights from the vast expanse of medical literature. Although these advancements hold great promise, difficulties including manual annotation and precise data retrieval, and transparency persist. Advanced natural language processing (NLP) techniques and large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in addressing these issues. This paper introduces the Medical Knowledge Graph (MedKG), a comprehensive and multidisciplinary medical knowledge graph. By utilizing advanced NLP algorithms, MedKG extracts millions of entities and converts them into triples from a corpus of superior medical research papers published over the last decade. It categorizes unstructured medical information into nine distinct tags, including disease names, treatments, diagnoses, symptoms, genetics, cellular structures of diseases, patient data, medical procedures, and treatment applications, while seamlessly integrating the digital object identifier (DOI) of each paper. As the latest structured database of medical knowledge, MedKG serves as a powerful tool for accelerating medical research and lays the groundwork for constructing a more extensive medical knowledge graph using full-text medical articles. Moreover, our research establishes a foundation for practical knowledge management systems based on text mining, applicable not only to complex medical systems but also to other professional domains.