Internet of Things-Based Early Forest Fire Detection System with Thinger.io Platform

Forest and land fires in Indonesia are a major concern for the government when entering the dry season. The researchers have widely developed early detection technology, including satellite and airborne-based technology, but it faces several limitations due to the influence of weather and other unavoidable factors. Furthermore, fire detection technology based on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things (loT) is one of the most effective solutions. This study developed a sensor node that includes an Arduino UNO, a smoke sensor, a fire sensor, and temperature and humidity sensors and code program using C++, to detect potential forest fires. We place these nodes at fire-prone points in the forest. Additionally, the gateway node receive data from the sensor node, process it using the NodeMCU ESP8266, and send it to the Thinger.io database for real-time report. The developed system's test results demonstrate that it can display and send data in real-time to the Thinger.io platform via an internet connection. Additionally, the base station's physical 12C 20x4 LCD screen displays the information. The forest fire early warning system functions well, and the test results show good detection and data transmission capabilities.