Environmental Impact on Steady-State and Transient Performance of Heavy-Duty Truck Gas Turbine

The integration of fully electric drives with gas turbine-powered propulsion systems presents a promising pathway for the future of heavy-duty trucks. As these vehicles navigate diverse terrestrial environments, they inevitably encounter conditions that significantly impact the performance of their gas engines. In light of this, a dynamic model of threeshaft, intercooled, and recuperated cycle gas turbine was established in this work, to study the steady-state and transient operational performances under a range of environmental circumstances. The reliability of this constructed model was validated through comparison with the testing data, ensuring a high degree of accuracy. The results show that the three-shaft gas turbine equipped with variable guide vanes (VGVs) outperforms those with fixed turbine guide vane angles, as well as both fixed and variable speed single shaft gas turbines, in terms of efficiency under partial load conditions. Moreover, an increase in ambient temperature will reduce the efficiency and output power of the gas turbine, while a change in ambient pressure will hardly affect the efficiency of the gas turbine, but higher ambient pressure positively correlates with higher output power. For a three-shaft gas turbine, when the ambient temperature and pressure increase, the gas turbine can provide a greater rate of load increase; but it will only affect the state of the gas turbine before and after load shedding, and has little impact on transient performance parameters such as overshoot and recovery time to stability.