Investigation and Practical Applications of Seismo-Electromagnetic Joint Exploration

With the advancement of deep Earth exploration and urban underground space detection, addressing the challenges posed by environmental complexity and increasing data acquisition accuracy are increasingly critical. Conventional geophysical exploration techniques and their associated networking approaches cannot fulfill contemporary exploration requirements. Herein, the fundamental principles and inherent connections between seismic exploration and electromagnetic exploration are analyzed by comparing the circuit design for seismic and electromagnetic data-acquisition systems. Consequently, a technical solution for a seismo-electromagnetic joint acquisition system with high accuracies in both seismic and electromagnetic explorations is developed. A real-time host monitoring system is developed for both personal computers and mobile terminals. Moreover, a distributed hybrid networking scheme for this distributed seismo-electromagnetic high-accuracy acquisition system that incorporates wired, wireless, and self-storage intelligent arbitrary clipping is innovatively implemented, achieving a synchronization accuracy of <100 ns among various acquisition systems. The developed system is used for networking deployment in Zhangjiakou (Hebei, China), verification of key indicators in a coal mine with a depth of 848 m in Huainan (Anhui, China), and practical onsite explorations in Changzhi (Shanxi, China). The experimental and application results verify the reliability, stability, and practicality of the system. The proposed joint exploration technique fully leverages the advantages of distributed data-acquisition systems and can potentially shed light on the development of other joint research methodologies. The findings can increase the efficiency and accuracy of joint geophysical explorations, providing a solid foundation with regard to both machinery and technical aspects.