Enhancement of Gain of Rectangular Microstrip Antenna Through Metamaterial Inclusion

In order to improve the antenna's gain and alter its radiation properties, this study examines a rectangular microstrip patch antenna that is partially loaded with homogeneous substrate and superstrate made of μ-negative, ε-negative, and double negative metamaterials. The inclusion of proper size of double negative and μ-negative materials substrate can enhance the gain of antenna and control the resonant frequency. It is seen that embedded double negative substrate on either side of the patch substrate along its radiating edge result is increasing the antenna gain to about 10dBi as well as dual band operation where as embedded μ-negative substrate on the patch exhibit enhancement of gain as high as 9.50 dBi. The gain is hike compare to simple double positive substrate of rectangular microstrip patch antenna which is about 6 dBi. For a certain height of negative permeability material the gain is moderate similar to that obtained by double negative superstrate.