Performance of 5G Slicing With Access Technologies and Diversity: A Review and Challenges

5G slicing has become a key technology in 5G and beyond (B5G) for realizing IMT 2020 services, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), and massive machine-type communication (mMTC). These advancements necessitate the support of advanced technologies and optimal solutions to satisfy the network requirements of IMT-2020 services. This study evaluated enhancements through network slicing, focusing on access and diversity technologies. Specifically, it examines the application of access and diversity technologies, such as orthogonal multiple access (OMA), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), maximal ratio combiner (MRC), frequency diversity, spatial diversity, and other types of diversity. These technologies are tailored to various service combinations to optimize the 5G performance, including throughput, latency, capacity, and energy efficiency. Network slicing is a significant concept that allows the virtual division of a single physical infrastructure into several logical networks. Network slicing is commonly achieved using orthogonal access technology, specifically OMA. This approach ensures that separate services are assigned non-interfering resources. As the user population expands, OMA-based slicing may not always be the most effective approach, and employing a non-orthogonal strategy could potentially yield superior performance. In this paper, the classification of 5G slicing methods is comprehensively explained such that the correlations among slicing, access technologies, and diversity are well defined and identified according to the characteristics of each service. A systematic literature review was conducted to provide guidelines for the design of 5G network models.