A Systematic Comparison of Side-channel Countermeasures for RISC-V-based SoCs

In this study, we conduct a systematic comparison of various countermeasures against power side-channel attacks on RISC-V-based Systems-on-Chip implemented on an FPGA. Focusing on the AES cryptographic algorithm running on a RISC-V Ibex core, we evaluate a range of countermeasures, including software masking, hardware/software noise generation, and dummy instruction insertion. We also examine the impact of unprotected software implementations on the specialized CoCo-Ibex micro-architecture by evaluating the Tiny-AES implementation. Our findings reveal significant trade-offs between security and overhead, offering critical insights for selecting appropriate countermeasures tailored to the specific requirements of resource and energy-constrained systems.