Mobile Terahertz Communication and Sensing Systems: A Future Look

Wireless communication in the terahertz band (0.1 THz–10 THz) is a promising candidate for enabling mobile networks beyond 5G. In this article, we present a visionary perspective on the technological innovations poised to make THz mobile communication a transformative force in shaping the wireless communications landscape. Instead of being a tutorial, this work outlines a roadmap for the future of THz mobile communication, aiming to answer the question: Where is THz mobile communication heading in the years to come? We thereby explore advancements in devices, technologies, and applications, beginning with the critical role played by the synergy between photonics and electronic components, as well as by analog and digital signal processing. Integrated sensing and communication is identified as an essential pillar for achieving seamless connectivity. We also discuss the significance of wavefront engineering in controlling the propagation of electromagnetic waves, thereby enhancing the overall capabilities of THz networks. We broaden our exploration to prospective applications from various perspectives, while also presenting THz systems ranging from the nanoscale to outer space. Together, these innovations will shape the future of THz mobile communication, driving forward a new era of connectivity and interaction with our surroundings.