Exploring Recognition in Digital Education through Open Badges and the European Learning Model

Recognition in education is key as it validates and acknowledges achievements, be it of academic or employer qualifications in a formal setting or informally from peers and self-assessment. Educational institutions need to define a strategy for recognition, preferably using a well-known format. Although there are various models, it is difficult to find comparisons among them to help define this strategy in an informed manner. Currently, some of the most commonly used models for recognition are Open Badges (versions 2.0 and 3.0), and the European Learning Model version 3 (ELMv3). Open Badges 3.0 and ELMv3 are aligned with W3C Verifiable Credentials data model (VC). In this complex context, it is important to know the differences among the formats, the advantages and disadvantages of each of them, as well as the scenarios in which their uses may be most appropriate. This article analyzes these models in depth, comparing them using a cross-curricular program for undergraduate students as a case study. The analysis reveals that while Open Badges 3.0 offers greater flexibility, ELMv3 provides a more detailed structure suited to European educational contexts. These findings support educational institutions in selecting the most appropriate recognition strategy tailored to their needs.