Italian Regulatory Framework for Grid Flexibility: Weaknesses and Potential Enhancements

The rapid integration of distributed energy resources necessitates efficient and secure management of distribution networks. This paper explores the evolving regulatory framework and operational mechanisms in Italy for enhancing distribution and transmission grid flexibility. Key regulatory developments include active consumer participation and integration of renewable energy sources in ancillary services markets. The coordination between Italian Transmission and Distribution System Operators is analyzed alongside pilot projects for the procurement of local flexibility services. Benefits and criticalities are reviewed, and opportunities are considered to optimize grid management and ensure system security and economic efficiency.