Passive Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) Reflector for Far-Field Beam Steering

This paper presents a 21×21 passive artificial magnetic conductor (PAMC) surface aimed at achieving fixed beam steering of +30° at 10 GHz, featuring a measured beam steering bandwidth ranging from 9.75 GHz to 10.75 GHz. By optimizing its placement relative to the wave source, the PAMC facilitates an additional 60° of beam steering in both the azimuth and elevation planes. A notable feature that distinguishes the proposed PAMC from the existing AMC surfaces in the literature is its simplified structure, which was achieved by modifications solely in the geometry of the unit cells. Applications of the PAMC span various domains, including millimeter-wave massive multiple-input−multiple-output (MIMO) systems, future radars as well as wireless communication and networking paradigms. Through simulation, detailed analysis and PAMC measurements, the paper highlights the efficacy and potential of the proposed PAMC surface.