Automated Monitoring of Hydroponic System using IoT and Cloud based Technology for Sustainable Agriculture

Hydroponics agriculture is a soilless cultivation method in which plants are grown solely with nutrients and water. It provides a solution to the growing scarcity of agricultural land. A hydroponics farming setup based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology is designed and developed in this paper. Our system uses a deep-water culture type of hydroponic system which is the process of plant making by putting the plant roots into a mixture of nutrient-rich and oxygenated water. There are two water tanks namely the plantation tank and the treatment tank. The plantation tank holds the sowed seeds. The treatment tank gets water from the first tank and treats it with buffer and nutrients. The system consists of a total of three sensors in the Plantation tank - pH sensor, TDS sensor and DS18B20 temperature sensor. The sensors are connected to ESP32 microcontroller. Results: The proposed setup monitors Potential of Hydrogen (pH), Temperature, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) levels. The developed setup includes an IoT feature that allows the system to be monitored remotely via a mobile application. Thus, except for sowing and harvesting, the proposed hydroponic setup requires lesser human intervention. It aids in ensuring proper moisture content based on environmental conditions resulting into efficient plant growth, as well as continuous monitoring and nutrient supply based on crop growth.