Automatic Braking System and Driver Safety Using Arduino Uno Atmega 328p

This project addresses one of the primary causes of vehicle accidents: the sudden appearance of obstacles while driving. Drivers’ varying response times often lead to accidents due to delayed braking or inability to stop in time. To mitigate this, an Autonomous Braking system is proposed, leveraging intelligent mechatronic technology. The system employs an Ultrasonic wave emitter at the front of the vehicle to emit Ultrasonic waves, coupled with a corresponding Ultrasonic receiver that detects reflected signals. By analyzing these signals, the system calculates the distance between the vehicle and any obstacles, enabling the microprocessor to adjust the vehicle’s speed accordingly. In emergencies, the microcontroller activates the braking system to apply brakes swiftly and decisively, enhancing safety. A significant upgrade to the system is the integration of a Python-based application using Flask, which dynamically determines the incident’s location and communicates with the nearest emergency services based on real-time geographical data. This is facilitated through GSM technology, which transmits alarm signals and the vehicle’s GPS location to the appropriate authorities, ensuring prompt response and assistance. Additionally, the system’s potential expansion includes inter-vehicle communication capabilities, allowing cars to share information about their locations and speeds, thus enhancing road cooperation and awareness. This not only leads to fewer collisions but also smoother traffic flow. The models used in this project, including the ultrasonic sensor and GPS modules, have demonstrated an accuracy rate of over $\mathbf{9 0 \%}$ in obstacle detection and emergency alert transmission. Overall, the Autonomous Braking system aims to enhance road safety by reducing response times and stopping distances, thereby preventing accidents and significantly improving emergency response capabilities.