Dispatching of Wind-Photovoltaic Hybrid Power Systems Based on Bilevel Programming and Sparse Optimization

The volatility of renewable energy poses challenges to the stability and economic benefits of the power grid, as the unstable output of wind and solar energy increases the difficulty of supply-demand balance. To address this issue, optimizing the scheduling strategy of wind-photovoltaic hybrid power generation systems to deal with the uncertainty of renewable energy has become an urgent problem to be addressed. This optimization can not only improve the adaptability of the power grid to fluctuations in renewable energy, but also enhance economic efficiency by reducing reliance on expensive energy storage and backup power sources. The study adopted the methods of bilevel programming and sparse optimization, in which system operators optimize operating costs and system efficiency by adjusting the output ratio of wind-photovoltaic power, energy storage system operation, and grid interaction. The power grid operator adjusted the scheduling plan based on upper level decisions to ensure the stability of the power grid. Sparse optimization techniques were applied to improve the sparsity of solutions and the generalization ability of models. The research results showed that the proposed bilevel programming and sparse optimization strategies performed well in simulation experiments. The SOP-MLP model achieved a recall rate of 0.98 and an precision rate that quickly stabilized at over 90% after 400 training cycles, outperforming traditional MLP, Transformer, SVM, and Extra-Trees models. In the case analysis, the SOP-MLP model effectively reduced abandoned electricity and optimized power resource allocation. In the S1 scenario, the comprehensive dispatch response rates of wind-photovoltaic power reached 94% and 91%, while the expected operating cost of the system was 705600 yuan. The cost-benefit ratio considering scenario probability was 79400 yuan. The study provides a new optimization strategy for power system scheduling, which can effectively handle the uncertainty and complexity of wind-photovoltaic grid connection, and has important theoretical value and practical application prospects.