Vehicle Density Based Traffic Control System Using Microcontroller

The primary objective of the work is to build a density-based dynamic traffic signal system that will automatically adjust the signal's timing at each intersection based on its ability to sense traffic density. Since most cities in the globe suffer greatly from traffic congestion, it is necessary to switch from more manual or fixed timer modes to automated systems with decision-making capabilities. he current traffic signalling system is time-based, which could be inefficient if one lane operates more efficiently. In most cities worldwide, traffic congestion is a serious issue that has made life miserable for the locals. Intelligent traffic control will become an essential problem in the future because of the ever-increasing number of road users and the limited existing resources and infrastructure. The necessity for intelligent traffic control systems has increased steadily due to these needs. Consequently, traffic control must be optimised to handle this growing demand better. To meet the needs of a solid-state traffic light controller, this project was developed using LEDs for the light indicators and a microcontroller for the central controlling component. LEDs are coupled to a microcontroller, which controls the traffic lights centrally. The microcontroller's timing and phasing are configured to adapt to changing traffic conditions. The circuit is compact, dependable, and economical all at the same time.