Studies on Coagulation-Flocculation Treatment of Textile Yarn Water Jet Loom Industrial Effluents

The production of textile yarns from water jet looms and unfinished weaving units are huge consumers of reverse osmosis (RO) water that results in water contamination. Wastewater containing free oil, emulsified oil and other components such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) must be maintained under limits according to the standards prescribed by the state or pollution control board. It is important to treat wastewater to remove organic and physical substances before releasing them into the environment. The importance of present study is to treat real textile industry effluent and maximize its recycling for secondary application. Wastewater pretreatment methods in the textile industry can be carried out through primary filtration such as screening, neutralization, flocculation and coagulation followed by optional tertiary techniques such as sand filtration or activated carbon filtration or even reverse osmosis membrane technology for additional polishing requirements. The choice of filtration method depends on the composition, type of wastewater and secondary application. With the aid of special reagents for coagulation and flocculation in this study, wastewater can be treated more efficiently and economically taking up smaller footprints. As a result of this process, it was possible to recover $80 - 99{{\% }}$ of emulsified oil, $100{{\% }}$ of free oil and also reduce COD, BOD, TDS, and TSS. Excess sludge bearing appreciable calorific values post treatment can be further processed for energy production. Zero Liquid discharge (ZLD) is explored as alternative to conventional methods of handling the recalcitrant effluents and thereby promoting sustainable development.